Imperative mood

Imperative mood is made from the subjunctive mood with the difference that the ending for 2nd person singular is omitted. In Persian, all six persons have an imperative form. English is not so. The main imperative tenses are as follows:

Present simple

STRUCTURE It is made from subjunctive present simple

Regarding compound verbs, the subjunctive prefix be- is often omitted especially when the verb is kardan or shodan.

If the present stem ends in -av then it changes to -ow for 2S (because it doesn't take ending). The reason is that final -av becomes -aw (pronounced similar to ou in house) and the diphthong sound aw has become ow in Persian of Iran.

In spoken Persian, be- is sometimes pronouncded bo- as kind of vowel harmony:

• Borow! — Go!
• Borow kenâr! — Go away!
• Bokhor! — Eat!

NOTE The imperative present of the verb budan (to be) is made with the stem bâsh. Additionally, it doesn't take the subjunctive prefix be:

Negative form

As mentioned on the page about negative conjugation, the negative form of present subjunctive (and consequently, present imperative), is made by replacing be- with na-:

Examples

• Dasthâ-yat râ beshur! — Wash your hands!
• Kafshhâ-yat râ bepush! — Put your shoes on!
• Be man dast nazan! — Don't touch me!
• Movâzeb bâsh! — Look out!
• Sâket bâsh! — Be quiet!
• Bebin! — See!
• Negâh kon! — Look!
• Narow! — Don't go!
• Biyâ! — Come!
• Nayâ! — Don't come!
• Biyâ injâ! — Come here!
• Khafe show! — Shut up!
• Gom show! — Get lost!

Past narrative

STRUCTURE It is made from subjunctive past narrative