- How is a future active participle formed?
- What meanings does it convey?
- How is its negative form made?
The Future active participle, or simply future participle, is formed from the infinitive of a verb and the suffix ی (i). It literally means "going to, about to" but depending on the context, it can create words that convey "due to", "necessary to", "suitable to", "worthy of", "able to", etc.
| Infinitive | Future Active Participle |
|---|---|
| شستن shostan to wash |
شستنی shostani washable; due to wash (e.g. laundry) |
| دیدن didan to see |
دیدنی didani worth seeing |
| حفظ کردن hefz kardan to memorize |
حفظ‌کردنی hefzkardani necessary to memorize |
| شکستن shekastan to break |
شکستنی shekastani liable to break, breakable |
| خواندن khwândan to read |
خواندنی khwândani worth reading |
| شنیدن shenidan to hear |
شنیدنی shenidani worth hearing |
| دوست داشتن dust dâshtan to love |
دوست‌داشتنی dustdâshtani deserving to be loved, lovable |
| به یاد ماندن be yâd mândan to remember |
به‌یادماندنی beyâdmândani worth remembering, memorable |
| باور کردن bâvar kardan to believe |
باورکردنی bâvarkardani capable of being believed, believable |
More examples:
| اگر آمدنی شدم زنگ می‌زنم Agar âmadani shodam, zang mizanam I'll call you if I'm going to come |
| برگشتنی نیست Bargashtani nist He/She/It isn't going to return |
| دیدنیها didanihâ that are worth seeing, attractions |
| بهترین جاهای دیدنی یزد کجاست؟ behtarin jâhâ-ye didani-ye Yazd koj1'st? Where are the best attractions/sights in Yazd? |
| اصفهان دیدنیهای بسیاری دارد Esfahân didanihâ-ye besyâr-i dârad Esfahan has many attractions |
Negative form
The negative form of future participle is formed by prefixing ن (na-) to the infinitive.
| Negative Infinitive | Future Active Participle |
|---|---|
| باور نکردن bâvar nakardan not to believe |
باورنکردنی bâvarnakardani impossible to believe, incredible |
| نشکستن nashekastan not to break |
نشکستنی nashekastani not liable to break, unbreakable |