Table of Contents

Preliminaries

• Preface
• History of Persian Language
• Names and Variants of Persian

Writing System

• Persian Writing System
• Letters and Pronunciation
• Cursive Forms of Letters
• Vowel Marking
• Diphthong Marking
• Reading Persian Texts

Phonology and Phonotactics

• Persian Phonology
• Glottal Stop
• Syllables and Syllabification
• Gemination
• Stress Position
• Enclitics
• Vowel Hiatus and Epenthesis
• Phoneme Reduction

Nouns

• Gender of Nouns
• Plural of Nouns
• Plural of Other Parts of Speech
• Animate and Inanimate Plurals
• Plural of Variety
• Plurality and Quantity
• Classifiers and Massifiers

Demonstratives

• Demonstrative Adjectives
• Demonstrative Pronouns
• Demonstrative Adverbs

Articles

• The Definite Article
• The Indefinite Article

Adjectives

• Adjectives
• Comparative Adjectives of Superiority
• Comparative Adjectives of Equality
• Comparative Adjectives of Inferiority
• Superlative Adjectives of Superiority
• Superlative Adjectives of Inferiority

Adverbs

• Adverbs
• Formation of Adverbs
• Comparative Adverbs of Superiority
• Comparative Adverbs of Equality
• Comparative Adverbs of Inferiority

Personal Pronouns

• Free Personal Pronouns
• Bound Personal Pronouns

Possessives

• Possessive Adjectives
• Possessive Pronouns

Numerals

• Cardinal Numbers
• Ordinal Numbers

Grammatical Phrases

• Noun Phrase

Cases and Adpositions

• Word Order
• Adpositions
• Grammatical Cases
• The Genitive Case
• The Accusative Case
• The Dative Case
• The Ablative Case
• The Locative Case
• The Instrumental Case
• The Vocative Case

Infinitive and Stems

• Infinitive of a Verb
• Simple and Compound Verbs
• Stems of a Verb
• Formation of Verbs
• Classification of Irregular Present Stems

Participles

• Participles of a Verb
• Past Active Participle
• Past Passive Participle
• Present Active Participle
• Present Passive Participle
• Future Active Participle
• Future Passive Participle

Conjugation

• Grammatical Persons
• Personal Endings
• Grammatical Moods
• Grammatical Aspects
• Grammatical Tense

Indicative Mood

Past Indicative

• Perfective Past Indicative
• Imperfective Past Indicative
• Past Progressive Indicative
• Present Perfect Indicative
• Imperfective Present Perfect Indicative
• Present Perfect Progressive Indicative
• Past Precedent Indicative
• Imperfective Past Precedent Indicative
• Past Precedent Progressive Indicative
• Past Precedent Perfect Indicative
• Imperfective Past Precedent Perfect Indicative
• Past Precedent Perfect Progressive Indicative

Present Indicative

• Perfective Present Indicative
• Imperfective Present Indicative
• Present Progressive Indicative

Future Indicative

• Perfective Future Indicative
• Imperfective Future Indicative
• Future Progressive Indicative
• Future Perfect Indicative
• Future Precedent Indicative

Subjunctive Mood

Present Subjunctive

• Perfective Present Subjunctive

Past Subjunctive

• Present Perfect Subjunctive
• Imperfective Present Perfect Subjunctive
• Past Precedent Perfect Subjunctive
• Imperfective Past Precedent Perfect Subjunctive

Imperative Mood

Present Imperative

• Perfective Present Imperative

Past Imperative

• Imperfective Present Imperative
• Present Perfect Imperative

More On Conjugation

• Passive Voice
• Pronominal Verbs
• Conjugation in Spoken Persian